Carry Trades and Global Foreign Exchange Volatility
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What they found
The authors showed that carry trade returns are largely explained by exposure to unexpected changes in global FX volatility. Using 48 currencies from 1983 to 2009, high-interest currencies delivered low returns when global FX volatility rose unexpectedly and low-interest currencies (like the yen and Swiss franc) delivered high returns in those states, acting as a hedge. A single volatility factor priced the cross-section of carry portfolios with a large negative premium, meaning investors pay to hold assets that do well when volatility spikes and demand compensation for the reverse.
See it drawn
Original diagrams for the ideas on this page. Illustrative, not real market data.
What you can use
- Carry is short volatility: it pays in calm markets and loses when FX volatility spikes.
- Funding currencies like the yen and Swiss franc are volatility hedges, which is why they rally in crises.
- Sizing carry exposure by the level and trend of FX volatility is the research-supported way to manage it.
Caveats
Factor-pricing paper, not a timing strategy. Volatility innovations are measured ex post. Technical.
Tags: forex, carry, volatility, safe-haven
Summaries are our own reading of the paper, not the authors' words. Educational only, not advice. Discuss it in Book Club.