Developed by Peter Steidlmayer at the Chicago Board of Trade, market profile builds a distribution of activity across prices, usually producing a bell-like shape with most time spent in the middle and less at the extremes.
The framework treats the market as an auction searching for a price that satisfies both sides. The fat middle is acceptance, the thin edges are rejection, and price moving away from a developed area is the market seeking a new balance. Key derived levels include point-of-control, the value-area, and the initial-balance.
It is descriptive rather than predictive, and it works best in instruments with a clearly defined session such as index futures. In continuously traded markets the session boundary is arbitrary, which weakens much of the logic.
Related: tpo, volume-profile, value-area, initial-balance, balance-area