Traditional prop firms hire traders and put real capital behind them. The modern retail model sells an evaluation for a fee; passing it earns a funded-account, usually simulated, and a payout-split of profits.
The business model relies on most people failing the evaluation. That is not a reason to avoid them, but it is a reason to understand the rules (daily-drawdown, trailing-drawdown, consistency-rule) before paying.
Example: a firm charges $150 for a $50,000 evaluation with a $3,000 profit-target and a $2,000 trailing drawdown. Pass rates in the industry are commonly reported in the single digits to low teens.
Related: evaluation, funded-account, payout-split, trailing-drawdown, daily-drawdown