A range has a top, a bottom, and no reliable structure between them. Markets spend a large share of their time this way, which is why trend-following tools produce so many losing signals: a moving-average-crossover in a range flips back and forth and produces whipsaw.
Ranges are traded by fading the extremes with stops just outside, or by waiting for the range to break. The two approaches are incompatible on the same chart at the same time, so pick one and know which regime you think you are in.
The hard part is that you only know a range has ended after the breakout, and roughly half of apparent breakouts fail back into the range. Tools like adx and choppiness-index try to classify regime numerically, but they are lagging too.
Related: consolidation, range, false-breakout, adx, choppiness-index