220 terms

Crypto

51% attack: Controlling most of a chain's mining or staking power, enough to reorder or exclude transactions and reverse recent ones for a double spend.
Account abstraction: Protocol support for accounts that are programmable contracts, enabling recovery, batching, session keys and fees paid by someone else.
Account model: An accounting design where each address has a running balance and a counter, rather than a set of discrete unspent outputs.
Active addresses: The count of distinct addresses sending or receiving on a chain in a period, used as a rough proxy for network usage.
Address: The public identifier you send funds to, usually derived from a public key or a contract deployment.
Address poisoning: An attack that plants a lookalike address in your transaction history, hoping you copy it from there when sending next time.
Admin key risk: The exposure created when a team, multisig or single key can upgrade contracts, change parameters, mint tokens, or move user funds.
Airdrop: A free distribution of tokens to qualifying wallets, used to bootstrap users, decentralise supply or reward early activity.
Airdrop farming: Deliberately generating on-chain activity across protocols in the hope of qualifying for future token distributions.
Algorithmic stablecoin: A token that tries to hold a peg through minting and burning rules or a paired volatile token rather than through held reserves.
Altcoin: Any cryptocurrency other than Bitcoin; a category ranging from major networks to thousands of tokens with no liquidity.
Altseason: A phase where a broad range of alternative coins outperform bitcoin, usually late in a cycle and usually brief.
Arbitrage bot: Automated software that buys an asset where it is cheap and sells where it is dear, keeping prices aligned across venues and pools.
Attestation: A report from an accounting firm stating what reserves a stablecoin issuer held on a given date. Weaker than a full audit and only a snapshot.
Audit: A paid review of contract code by security specialists. Useful evidence of diligence, and never a guarantee that the code is safe.
Auto-compounding: Automatically harvesting rewards and reinvesting them, turning a simple rate (APR) into a compounded one (APY).
Auto-deleveraging: A venue forcibly closing profitable traders' positions to cover losses it cannot otherwise absorb, used when the insurance fund is exhausted.
Automated market maker (AMM): A smart contract that quotes prices from a formula applied to its own token balances, letting anyone trade against a pool instead of an order book.
Bad debt: Debt left in a lending protocol with insufficient collateral behind it, because liquidation failed or arrived too late. A direct loss to depositors.
Base fee: The protocol-set portion of a transaction fee that adjusts with congestion and is burned rather than paid to block producers.
Basis: The gap between a derivative's price and spot. Positive basis means futures trade above spot, which can be harvested by holding spot and shorting the future.
Bitcoin dominance: Bitcoin's market cap as a percentage of total crypto market cap, used to gauge whether money is rotating into or out of altcoins.
Blacklist function: Code in a token contract letting the issuer freeze specific addresses so their balances cannot be moved. Standard in major fiat-backed stablecoins.
Block: A batch of transactions accepted by a network at one time, linked to the previous batch by a hash.
Block explorer: A website that indexes a chain so you can look up any transaction, address, block or contract.
Block height: The number of blocks between the chain's first block and the current one; a chain's clock and version number.
Block reward: The newly issued coins plus fees paid to whoever produces a block; the main source of a chain's supply inflation.
Block time: The average gap between blocks on a chain, which sets how quickly a transaction can first be included.
Blockchain: A shared database copied across many computers, where new records are added in batches that each reference the batch before them.
Blockspace: The limited room inside blocks that transactions compete for; the real commodity a blockchain sells.
Borrow APR: The annualised interest rate on an on-chain loan, floating continuously with utilisation rather than fixed at origination.
Bridge: A system that moves value between chains, usually by locking assets on one side and issuing a claim on the other.
Bridge hack risk: The concentrated risk that a cross-chain bridge holding pooled assets is exploited, leaving wrapped claims unbacked.
Bug bounty: A standing offer to pay researchers for responsibly disclosed vulnerabilities, often scaled to the funds a bug could have taken.
Burner wallet: A throwaway wallet funded with a small amount, used to interact with unfamiliar contracts so a bad approval cannot reach your main holdings.
CEX (centralized exchange): A company-run crypto exchange that holds customer funds and matches orders on a traditional order book.
Chain split: When one blockchain becomes two permanently separate chains, each with its own coin, history and community.
Circulating supply: The number of tokens currently available to trade, excluding locked, vesting, treasury and provably burned coins.
Coin days destroyed: A volume measure weighted by how long coins sat still: moving one coin held five years counts far more than moving one held a day.
Cold storage: Keeping private keys entirely offline so that remote attackers have no path to them.
Collateral factor: The fraction of a collateral asset's value you may borrow against. A factor of 0.75 means $10,000 of collateral supports $7,500 of debt.
Concentrated liquidity: Providing pool liquidity only within a chosen price band, earning far more fees per dollar while it trades inside that band and nothing outside it.
Confirmation: One block built on top of the block containing your transaction; more confirmations mean history is harder to reverse.
Consensus mechanism: The rule set a decentralised network uses to agree on one shared history without a central authority.
Constant product formula: The classic AMM rule: the product of the two pool reserves stays constant through a trade, so price rises as you drain one side.
Cross margin: Margin mode where your whole account balance backs every position, so profits on one offset losses on another and liquidation is account-wide.
Crypto-collateralised stablecoin: A token minted against crypto collateral locked in a smart contract, kept solvent by requiring more collateral value than tokens issued.
Custodial wallet: A wallet where a company holds the private keys on your behalf, so your balance is a claim on that company.
DAO: A group coordinating through on-chain voting and shared treasury contracts, where token holders approve changes rather than a board or an owner.
Data availability: The guarantee that the data behind a batch of off-chain transactions was actually published, so anyone can verify or rebuild state.
DeFi (decentralized finance): Financial services such as lending, borrowing, and trading built as smart contracts on blockchains, without a central intermediary.
Delisting: A venue removing a trading pair, forcing holders to withdraw or convert, usually on short notice and into falling liquidity.
Depeg: When an asset meant to track a reference price, usually $1, trades meaningfully away from it, signalling doubt about backing, redemption or liquidity.
DEX (decentralized exchange): An exchange that runs as smart contracts on a blockchain, matching trades from liquidity pools rather than an order book, with no custodian.
DEX aggregator: A router that splits an order across several pools and venues to find a better overall price than any single pool would give.
Difficulty: A protocol setting that makes the proof-of-work puzzle harder or easier so blocks keep arriving at the target interval.
Dormancy: Coin days destroyed divided by the volume that destroyed them: the average holding age of coins moved on a given day.
Double spend: Spending the same coins twice by getting one transaction confirmed and then replacing it with a conflicting one.
Dust attack: Sending tiny amounts of coin to many addresses in order to trace how they are later combined and spent.
Emissions: The rate at which a protocol issues new tokens as rewards; a continuous supply stream that yield figures usually ignore.
Epoch: A fixed batch of blocks or time slots that a proof-of-stake chain uses to schedule duties, rewards and finality.
ERC-1155: A standard that lets one contract hold both fungible and non-fungible token types, with efficient batch transfers.
ERC-20: The common interface for interchangeable tokens on Ethereum-style chains, which is why any wallet or DEX can handle almost any token.
ERC-721: The standard for non-fungible tokens, where each token ID is unique and individually owned rather than interchangeable.
Exchange insolvency risk: The chance that a custodian holding your coins cannot return them, because it lent them out, lost them, or never segregated them in the first place.
Exchange netflow: Coins moving onto exchanges minus coins moving off, over a period. Inflows are often read as potential selling, outflows as coins going to custody.
Exchange reserves: The total holdings sitting in identified exchange wallets. Falling reserves are usually framed as supply leaving the market.
Exit liquidity: The buyers an early holder needs in order to sell. Used as an accusation: the retail flow arriving late exists so that insiders can get out.
Failed transaction: A transaction that was included in a block but did not complete; the state change is undone while the gas spent is not refunded.
Fake volume: Reported trading activity that does not represent real risk transfer, produced by wash trading, incentive farming, or simple fabrication.
Fiat-backed stablecoin: A token that promises redemption for one unit of a currency, backed by cash and short-term securities held by an issuer off-chain.
Finality: The point at which a transaction cannot be reversed without breaking the protocol's own rules or destroying staked capital.
Flash loan: An uncollateralised loan that must be borrowed and repaid inside a single transaction, made possible because the whole transaction reverts if it is not.
Flash loan attack: Using borrowed-and-repaid-in-one-block capital to distort a price, a vote or an accounting formula, then extracting the profit before repaying.
Floor price: The lowest asking price in an NFT collection; a headline quote that is easy to manipulate and rarely achievable at size.
Fully diluted valuation (FDV): The market cap a token would have if every token that will ever exist were trading at today's price.
Funding interval: How often a perpetual contract settles funding payments, commonly every eight hours, with some venues settling hourly or continuously.
Funding rate: A periodic payment between long and short perpetual futures holders that pulls the perp price toward spot; positive means longs pay shorts.
Gas fee: The transaction fee paid to a blockchain network to process a transfer or smart-contract interaction.
Gas limit: The maximum computation you authorise a transaction to consume; unused gas is refunded, but running out burns the fee and fails.
Gas war: A bidding contest for block space when many people want the same scarce thing at once, driving fees to extremes for a short window.
Gasless transaction: A transaction whose network fee is paid by a third party or deducted in tokens, so the user needs no native coin to transact.
Genesis block: The first block of a chain, hard-coded into the software rather than produced by mining or staking.
Governance proposal: A formal on-chain motion to change a protocol's parameters, spend treasury funds, or upgrade its contracts, decided by token-weighted vote.
Governance token: A token granting votes over a protocol's parameters, treasury or upgrades, whose economic value depends on what the votes control.
Halving: A scheduled event roughly every four years that cuts the reward paid to Bitcoin miners in half, slowing new supply.
Hard fork: A protocol change that makes previously invalid blocks valid, so every node must upgrade or be left on a separate chain.
Hardware wallet: A dedicated device that stores private keys in a chip and signs transactions internally, so keys never reach your computer.
Hash: A one-way fingerprint of data: the same input always gives the same short output, and any change gives a completely different one.
Hash rate: The total computing power guessing at a proof-of-work chain's puzzle, usually quoted in hashes per second.
Hash ribbons: An indicator comparing a 30-day and 60-day moving average of hash rate, used to flag miner capitulation and its end.
Health factor: A single number summarising how close a borrowing position is to liquidation, where 1.0 is the threshold and higher is safer.
HODL: Crypto slang for holding through volatility rather than selling, originating from a misspelled forum post in 2013.
HODL waves: A chart banding the total supply by how long each coin has been unmoved, showing whether holdings are ageing or turning over.
Honeypot token: A token whose contract lets you buy but blocks or taxes selling, so the chart looks healthy while every holder is trapped.
Hot wallet: A wallet whose keys sit on an internet-connected device, convenient for daily use and permanently exposed to malware.
Impermanent loss: The shortfall a liquidity provider takes versus simply holding the two tokens, caused by the pool selling the winner and buying the loser as prices diverge.
Index price: A composite spot price built from several exchanges, used as the anchor for marking derivatives positions and for funding calculations.
Insurance fund: A venue's reserve that absorbs losses when a liquidated position is closed worse than its bankruptcy price, protecting winning traders from clawbacks.
Isolated margin: Margin mode where each position has its own ring-fenced collateral, so the most you can lose on it is the margin you assigned.
KYC (Know Your Customer): Identity-verification requirements brokers and exchanges must complete before letting you trade, driven by anti-money-laundering law.
Last traded price: The price of the most recent trade on a specific venue. What the ticker shows, and not usually what your liquidation is measured against.
Layer 1: A base blockchain that settles its own transactions and runs its own consensus, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum.
Layer 2: A network that processes transactions off the base chain but posts data or proofs back to it for security.
Lending protocol: A contract where depositors supply assets to earn interest and borrowers take overcollateralised loans, with rates set algorithmically by utilisation.
Liquid staking: Staking through a protocol that issues a tradable receipt token, so the staked capital keeps earning while the receipt can be sold or used as collateral.
Liquidation: The forced closing of a leveraged position by the exchange when losses consume the posted margin.
Liquidation bonus: The discount a liquidator receives on seized collateral, typically 5% to 15%, paid by the borrower as the penalty for letting a position go under.
Liquidation cascade: A self-reinforcing chain where forced closings push price further, triggering more forced closings, producing far larger moves than the original news.
Liquidity lock: Depositing LP tokens in a contract that prevents withdrawal until a set date, so the pool's founding liquidity cannot simply be removed.
Liquidity mining: Paying depositors in a protocol's own token to supply liquidity, buying depth and users with issuance rather than with revenue.
Liquidity pool: A smart contract holding reserves of two or more tokens that traders swap against, funded by depositors who earn a share of trading fees.
Listing effect: The price and liquidity impact of a token being added to a major exchange, often a sharp move on announcement followed by give-back.
Long/short ratio: The balance of long versus short positioning on a venue, reported by account count or by position size, used as a crowding gauge.
Looping: Depositing collateral, borrowing against it, buying more of the same asset and repeating, to build leverage without a derivatives venue.
LP token: A token representing a proportional claim on a liquidity pool, issued when you deposit and burned when you withdraw your share plus accrued fees.
Maker and taker fees: The two-tier fee schedule on most venues: posting resting liquidity (maker) costs less than crossing the spread (taker), sometimes even paying a rebate.
Mark price: The reference price a venue uses to value open positions and trigger liquidations, smoothed from an external index rather than taken from its own last trade.
Market depth: How much can be bought or sold near the current price, usually quoted as the notional resting within 1% or 2% of mid on each side.
Max supply: The hard cap on how many tokens can ever exist, where a protocol defines one; many tokens have no cap at all.
Meme coin: A token with no cash flow or product whose price is driven entirely by attention, liquidity and reflexive flows.
Mempool: The waiting room of broadcast-but-unconfirmed transactions that block producers pick from, usually highest fee first.
Merkle tree: A hash structure that lets you prove one transaction was included in a block without downloading the whole block.
MEV: Value a block producer or searcher can capture by choosing which transactions go in a block and in what order, beyond the fees those transactions pay.
Miner capitulation: A phase where mining revenue falls below running costs, forcing weaker operators to sell reserves and switch off machines until difficulty adjusts.
Mint (NFT): Buying newly created NFTs directly from the project's contract, usually in a competitive window with gas costs to match.
Minting: Creating new tokens, either by protocol rule such as block rewards, or by a contract function someone controls.
Modular blockchain: A design that splits execution, settlement, consensus and data availability across separate specialised layers instead of one chain doing all four.
Multisig wallet: A wallet requiring several keys to approve a transaction, removing any single point of failure or single person's mistake.
MVRV ratio: Market cap divided by realised cap. Above 1 the average coin is held in profit; extreme readings have historically marked cycle tops and bottoms.
Name service (ENS-style): A human-readable name that resolves to a crypto address, replacing a long hex string with something you can read and remember.
NFT: A token representing a unique item rather than an interchangeable unit, traded individually and priced by collection floor plus traits.
NFT royalties: A percentage of each secondary sale directed to the original creator, enforced by marketplace policy rather than by the chain itself.
Node: A computer that keeps a full copy of a chain and independently checks every block against the rules.
Non-custodial wallet: A wallet where you alone hold the private keys, so no company can freeze, lend or lose your funds, and none can recover them either.
Nonce: A counter attached to transactions from an address that fixes their order, or in mining, the number varied to search for a valid hash.
NUPL: The share of total market value that is unrealised profit, used to describe how much paper gain the market is sitting on.
On-chain: Activity recorded directly on a blockchain, such as transfers and wallet balances, which anyone can inspect.
On-chain front-running: Submitting a transaction designed to execute before a pending one you can see, exploiting the fact that the mempool is public before settlement.
On-chain liquidation: The permissionless closing of an undercollateralised loan, where anyone may repay part of the debt and claim collateral at a discount.
On-chain volume: The total value moved on a chain in a period, distinct from exchange trading volume, which mostly happens in databases rather than on the chain.
Optimistic rollup: A rollup that assumes posted batches are valid and relies on a challenge window in which anyone can prove fraud.
Oracle: A service that reports off-chain information, usually prices, onto a blockchain so smart contracts can use it. The point where DeFi touches the outside world.
Oracle manipulation: Attacking a protocol by distorting the price it reads, usually by trading a thin market the oracle depends on, then exploiting the false valuation.
Perpetual futures (perps): Crypto derivative contracts with no expiry date that track the spot price through a periodic funding payment between longs and shorts.
Presale: Selling tokens before public trading begins, usually at a discount to insiders and early backers, with lock-ups that vary widely.
Price feed aggregation: Combining quotes from many venues, often by median, so no single exchange outage, wick or manipulated market sets the on-chain price.
Price impact: How far your own order moves the price, measured against the price before you traded. On an AMM it is a function of trade size relative to pool depth.
Priority fee: The extra amount per unit of gas paid directly to the block producer to get your transaction included sooner.
Private key: The secret number that authorises spending from an address; whoever holds it controls the funds, permanently and without appeal.
Private mempool: Sending a transaction directly to block builders instead of the public queue, so bots cannot see it in advance and trade against it.
Proof of reserves: A published cryptographic demonstration that a custodian holds assets matching customer balances, usually a Merkle tree of accounts plus signed wallet addresses.
Proof of stake: A consensus system where block producers are chosen in proportion to coins they lock up, and lose those coins for cheating.
Proof of work: A consensus system where block producers spend electricity searching for a valid hash, making history expensive to rewrite.
Protocol treasury: The pool of assets a protocol controls, usually governance tokens plus accumulated fees, spent on development, incentives and liquidity.
Public key: The shareable half of a key pair, derived from the private key, used to verify signatures and generate an address.
Puell multiple: Daily miner revenue in dollars divided by its own 365-day average, used to judge whether issuance-driven sell pressure is unusually high or low.
Pump group: An organised group that coordinates buying an illiquid asset to spike the price, then sells into the demand the spike attracts.
Quorum: The minimum participation a governance vote needs to count. Set too high and nothing passes; too low and a small group can decide everything.
Real yield: Return paid out of a protocol's actual revenue, such as trading fees or interest, rather than out of newly issued tokens.
Realised cap: The sum of every coin valued at the price when it last moved, rather than at today's price. An estimate of the capital actually invested in a network.
Rebase token: A token whose supply automatically expands or contracts across all wallets, so your balance changes while your ownership share does not.
Redemption: Exchanging a stablecoin with its issuer for the underlying currency at par. The mechanism that anchors a peg, and often unavailable to small holders.
Reorg (chain reorganisation): When a network discards recently accepted blocks in favour of a competing branch, un-confirming the transactions inside them.
Replace-by-fee (RBF): Resubmitting a pending transaction with the same nonce or inputs and a higher fee, so producers pick the new version instead.
Replay attack: Broadcasting a transaction valid on one chain onto another chain where it is also valid, usually after a fork produces two histories sharing the same balances.
Restaking: Reusing already-staked capital to also secure additional services, earning extra rewards while accepting additional slashing conditions.
Rollup: A layer 2 that executes transactions off-chain and publishes compressed data back to the base chain so anyone can verify or reconstruct state.
Rug pull: A scam where a token's creators drain the liquidity or dump their holdings after attracting buyers, leaving the token worthless.
Sandwich attack: A bot buying just before your swap and selling just after it, pushing your fill to the worst price your slippage setting allows and pocketing the difference.
Seed phrase: A list of 12 or 24 words that regenerates every private key in a wallet; the single most valuable secret a crypto user holds.
Self-custody: Holding your own private keys rather than trusting a company; it removes counterparty risk and makes you fully responsible for security.
Sequencer: The operator that orders transactions on a layer 2; usually a single entity, which is most L2s' biggest live trust assumption.
Sidechain: A separate blockchain with its own consensus and security, connected to a main chain only by a bridge.
Slashing: A protocol penalty that destroys part of a validator's staked coins for provably harmful behaviour such as double-signing.
Slippage tolerance: The maximum adverse price move you authorise between submitting a swap and its execution. Set too low the trade reverts; too high and it invites sandwiching.
Smart contract wallet: A wallet that is itself a programmable contract, allowing recovery, spending limits and sponsored gas instead of a single fixed key.
Soft fork: A protocol change that only tightens the rules, so non-upgraded nodes still accept the new blocks.
Soft rug: A project that abandons users gradually rather than stealing outright: the team sells, development stops, and the token bleeds to nothing.
SOPR: The ratio of price at which coins are sold to the price at which they were acquired, aggregated across all coins moved that day.
Stablecoin: A crypto token designed to hold a fixed value, usually one US dollar, backed by reserves or by algorithms.
Stableswap pool: An AMM curve tuned for assets that should trade near parity, offering very low price impact near the peg and steep pricing once it breaks.
Staking: Locking crypto to help secure a proof-of-stake network in exchange for periodic rewards, with lockup and slashing risks.
Stale price: An oracle value that has not updated recently enough to be trusted, leaving contracts acting on a price the market has already left behind.
State channel: A private two-party ledger that settles on-chain only when opened and closed, allowing unlimited instant updates in between.
Supply in profit: The share of all coins whose last on-chain movement was at a price below the current one, so the holder is nominally in the black.
Swap route: The path a trade takes between pools to get from one token to another, for example A to ETH to USDC rather than a direct A-to-USDC pool.
Sybil attack: Creating many fake identities or wallets to gain a disproportionate share of rewards, votes or influence in a permissionless system.
Terra/UST collapse: The May 2022 failure of the algorithmic stablecoin UST and its paired token LUNA, which erased roughly $40bn of market value in about a week.
Testnet: A parallel copy of a network using worthless coins, where developers and users can test without risking real money.
Throughput (TPS): Transactions per second a chain can process; a headline number that is easy to quote and easy to mislead with.
Timelock: A mandatory delay between a governance decision or admin action being approved and it taking effect, giving users a window to react or exit.
Token approval: Permission you grant a contract to spend your tokens; often unlimited by default and valid until you revoke it.
Token burn: Permanently removing tokens from supply by sending them to an unspendable address or destroying them in the contract.
Token generation event (TGE): The launch moment when a token is first created and distributed, whether by public sale, exchange listing or airdrop.
Token unlock: A scheduled release of previously locked tokens to team, investors or the treasury, adding tradable supply on a known date.
Tokenomics: The supply, distribution, issuance and demand design of a token; the closest thing crypto has to a capital structure.
Total crypto market cap: The summed market value of all crypto assets, often quoted excluding bitcoin (TOTAL2) or bitcoin and stablecoins (TOTAL3) to isolate risk appetite.
Total supply: All tokens that currently exist, including locked and unvested ones, minus any that have been burned.
Total value locked (TVL): The dollar value of assets deposited in a protocol or chain. The standard size metric in DeFi, and easy to misread.
Transaction hash (txid): The unique fingerprint of a transaction, used to look it up, prove you sent it, or chase a missing deposit.
TWAP oracle: A feed that reports an average price over a window rather than the latest tick, so distorting it requires holding a false price for the whole window.
Unbonding period: The waiting time between requesting your staked coins back and being able to move or sell them.
Utilisation rate: The share of a lending pool's deposits currently borrowed. It drives interest rates and determines whether depositors can actually withdraw.
UTXO: An accounting model where a wallet holds discrete unspent chunks of coin rather than a single running balance.
Validator: A node that stakes capital to propose and attest to blocks on a proof-of-stake chain, earning rewards and risking slashing.
Vault: A contract that takes deposits and runs a yield strategy on the depositors' behalf, issuing a share token that appreciates as the strategy earns.
Vesting cliff: A period during which allocated tokens release nothing at all, after which a large tranche unlocks at once and the rest streams.
Vote escrow: Locking governance tokens for a fixed term in exchange for boosted voting power and rewards, with longer locks granting more influence.
Wallet: Software or hardware that holds the private keys controlling your crypto; self-custody means you, not an exchange, control the funds.
Wallet drainer: Malicious code, usually behind a fake site or airdrop, that tricks you into signing a transaction or approval that empties your wallet.
Wash trading: Trading with yourself to manufacture volume or price history, common on unregulated venues and in NFT markets where fees are low or rebated.
Wash trading: Illegally trading with yourself, or with a colluding party, to generate volume or prints without any real change in beneficial ownership.
Whale: An individual or entity holding enough of an asset that their trades move the market.
Whale wallet: An address holding enough of an asset to move its price. Tracked publicly, and far harder to interpret than the alerts suggest.
Withdrawal freeze: A venue suspending withdrawals, whether for a technical reason, a network problem, or because it no longer has the assets to honour them.
Wrapped token: A token on one chain that represents an asset held elsewhere, redeemable one-for-one if the custodian or contract stays honest.
Yield farming: Moving capital between DeFi protocols to capture the best available returns, usually a mix of trading fees, lending interest and token incentives.
Yield-bearing stablecoin: A dollar-pegged token that pays a return, whether from Treasury bills, lending, or a derivatives strategy. The yield's source determines the risk.
ZK rollup: A rollup that publishes a cryptographic proof that each batch was executed correctly, allowing withdrawals without a challenge window.

Back to the full dictionary.